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From: Insane Founder <lavena@insanefounder.com>
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Subject: How to stop needing the answer
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^Hi! Welcome. You being here means more than you know. Knowing it lands wit=
h someone like you keeps me going. I'm ^^[Lavena Xu-Johnson](https://x.com/=
iamlavena)^^. I write about psychology for founders. Why? Because scaling a=
 business means scaling ourselves first.^

_Hi lovely founders,_

_Last week, I shared _[_why we can't stop doomscrolling_](https://insanefou=
nder.com/p/the-real-reason-you-doomscroll)_: an underlying mechanism psycho=
logists call the Intolerance of Uncertainty, or IU, and how being uncomfort=
able with ambiguity can turn doomscrolling into a coping strategy._

_What I didn't get to in last week's issue: across numerous clinical studie=
s, intolerance of uncertainty shows up as one of the most significant upstr=
eam contributing factors of anxiety disorders: generalised anxiety, health =
anxiety, OCD, panic._

_Most people have never heard of this term. But we've spent a lot of energy=
 understanding anxiety as a feeling. We=E2=80=99ve normalised it, written a=
bout it, built wellness apps around it, but the root cause - the belief tha=
t uncertainty is dangerous and must be eliminated rarely gets addressed._

_That=E2=80=99s what this essay is about - how to effectively reduce the in=
tolerance of uncertainty._

_**[_Subscribe_](https://insanefounder.com/subscribe?utm_source=3Dinsanefou=
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=F0=9F=A4=9D_ This edition is brought to you by__** **__[Lightfield](https:=
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### Why IU matters more than we've been told

Most anxiety interventions focus on the emotion itself: calming our feeling=
s, regulating our bodies, and reframing our thought processes. These are in=
deed useful, but they treat anxiety after it has already arrived. IU-focuse=
d interventions go further back, to what's generating it in the first place=
.

The concept of intolerance of uncertainty itself has been building for deca=
des. In 1949, researcher Frenkel-Brunswik observed that [some people found =
ambiguity inherently threatening](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.11=
11/j.1467-6494.1949.tb01236.x). Researchers Michel Dugas and Mark Freeston =
first mapped IU as a transdiagnostic construct in the 1990s, and their work=
 has since been replicated across hundreds of studies: besides general anxi=
ety, IU also underpins worry, panic, OCD, social anxiety, health anxiety, a=
nd depression - across cultures and populations ([Carleton, 2016](https://w=
ww.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887618516300251)).

A [large-scale network analysis of 108,540 adolescents](https://link.spring=
er.com/article/10.1007/s10608-023-10436-y) found IU to be a central, interc=
onnected node in the anxiety system: when IU is lowered, symptoms reduce wi=
th it. This is what clinicians call a =E2=80=98transdiagnostic risk factor=
=E2=80=99: a single mechanism can alter the entire architecture.

=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=
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=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=
=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=
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=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

### Can uncertainty tolerance actually be trained?

A [randomised controlled trial](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s=
10862-022-10002-y) published in the _Behavioral Assessment_ found that even=
 a single-session, computerised IU psychoeducation intervention led to sign=
ificant reductions in IU at four-week follow-up, with reductions in both an=
xiety and depression.

The brain's response to ambiguity is learned. That means it can be retraine=
d. What follows are the five evidence-based methods that clinical research =
has found to actually work.

View image: (https://media.beehiiv.com/cdn-cgi/image/fit=3Dscale-down,forma=
t=3Dauto,onerror=3Dredirect,quality=3D80/uploads/asset/file/b370b3ac-ef94-4=
6bc-a6ea-cb7c7b533030/Building_uncertainty_tolerance.png?t=3D1774386551)
Caption:=20

=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=
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=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

### 1. Behavioural experiments: teaching your brain that uncertainty doesn'=
t kill you

The most powerful IU interventions work through exposure: controlled, delib=
erate encounters with uncertainty.

This is how to design it for yourself: choose a specific behaviour (refresh=
ing notifications or checking the news), set a defined delay before acting =
on the urge, and log how you feel.

This is called [habituation](https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-habituati=
on-2795233), it teaches our threat detection system something it cannot lea=
rn any other way: I can tolerate not knowing, and nothing catastrophic happ=
ened ([Dugas & Robichaud, 2006](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.=
1002/9780470713143.ch17)).

If you have experienced anxiety, you=E2=80=99d know this: anxiety peaks qui=
ckly - and then naturally decreases, without the feeling of =E2=80=98securi=
ty=E2=80=99 or =E2=80=98outcome=E2=80=99 you thought you needed.

Start with 30 minutes of not checking, and extend the tiny experiment each =
time - over time, the threat appraisal begins to recalibrate from:

=E2=80=98Not acting =3D danger=E2=80=99 to =E2=80=98Not acting =3D nothing =
dangerous happened=E2=80=99.

=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=
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=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

### 2. Response prevention: breaking the reinforcement loop

Every time we check, we are telling our brain: this was necessary. Checking=
 protected me.

This is the same mechanism behind compulsive behaviour in OCD, and it is wh=
y cognitive-behavioural therapy for IU incorporates [response prevention](h=
ttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/erp-therapy): deliberately =
stopping the checking ritual for defined intervals ([Hebert et al., 2019](h=
ttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1077722918300695)).

Identify your rituals, and be as specific as possible. Then resist the urge=
 to act on it for a set window. Write down your distress trajectory. Every =
time you let it go before acting, you weaken the reinforcement that's been =
sustaining it.

=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=
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=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=
=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

### 3. Cognitive re-labelling: updating your beliefs about uncertainty

IU is maintained by a set of beliefs rather than facts. Write them down and=
 examine them:

* "I must know what will happen."

* "Uncertainty is dangerous."

* "If I don't check, something bad will happen."

Then test alternative appraisals:

* "Checking doesn't give me control. It gives me the feeling of control."

* "Uncertainty is uncomfortable, but not dangerous."

* "I have tolerated uncertainty before. I'm still here."

This cognitive restructuring weakens the threat appraisal that gave rise to=
 these =E2=80=98safety behaviours=E2=80=99 ([Dugas et al., 2004](https://ww=
w.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0005796717301006)).

One re-phrasing I find especially useful for the loop of abstract ruminatio=
n:

When we are ruminating, we think: "Why is this happening?"

Say this instead: "What are three facts I know right now?"

When we are circling, we think: "What if this doesn=E2=80=99t go as planned=
?"

Replace it with: "What is the next concrete action I can work on before I g=
o to bed?"

Abstract, evaluative thinking sustains rumination. But specific, action-ori=
ented thinking interrupts it.

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=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

### 4. Mindfulness: decoupling discomfort from compulsion

There's a word in the mindfulness literature that founders need more of: [d=
ecentering](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-021-01397-5).

It means the ability to observe a thought without immediately entering into=
 a contract with it. To notice a fear without treating it as a =E2=80=98pre=
diction=E2=80=99, to notice the thought without reacting to it.

A [2025 systematic review and meta-analysis](https://link.springer.com/arti=
cle/10.1186/s40359-025-03348-x) of 29 randomised controlled trials found th=
at mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) significantly reduced ruminat=
ion, with effects sustained at follow-up, and also improved self-compassion=
, decentering, depression, and anxiety.

The mechanism behind it is not relaxation, but the weakening of the automat=
ic link between an uncomfortable internal state and a compulsive behaviour.=
 Most of us have been treating every anxious thought as if it requires an i=
mmediate response. Mindfulness practice interrupts that assumption.

=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=
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=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

### 5. Reframing uncertainty =20

Perhaps the most counterintuitive intervention: teaching people to see unce=
rtainty as an indicator of growth rather than danger.=20

Kang and colleagues (2021) found that [a single-session "uncertainty mindse=
t" reframe](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10608-023-10436-y): =
repositioning ambiguous situations as opportunities for learning rather tha=
n threats to manage - reduced both IU and anxiety symptoms one month later.

The reframing is not "everything will be fine" but something very honest: u=
ncertainty means I am in new territory; I don=E2=80=99t know where this is =
going yet, and that is the nature of building anything new.

Every significant decision a founder makes lives in uncertainty. The ones w=
ho tolerate it best aren't those with the highest risk appetite, but those =
who have trained themselves to sit with not-knowing and, over time, learned=
 that it doesn't have to be resolved to be survivable.

=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=80=94=E2=
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=E2=80=94=E2=80=94

We cannot eliminate uncertainty. We never could.

Not knowing is part of the process. It always has been.


_If today's essay landed with you, forward it to a founder who needs it. An=
d if you have a question or a topic you'd like me to write about, just repl=
y to this email._

_Until next week._

_Lavena_

P.S. _If you want to get a founder feature about your own story, reply to t=
his email. If you=E2=80=99d like to reach our newsletter audience (founders=
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bodyWrapper" align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"padding:10px 10px 10p=
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c"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellp=
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lign=3D"right" valign=3D"top"><p> March 24, 2026 &nbsp; | &nbsp; <a href=3D=
"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJx=
LtWweYntAW6STjvVkPVIncCREYlDBPmcZCcEZBbYnWvU8nc-SIwWvYcf9RySGQtWWDIAS8aH3ml=
XEHdOZqwp-jQAouAd4K-fJt_Nim5iG43GiiEkbdlc1sC9oUE0xwFzz5w7G5qLpdU32Jt8Yl_YeS=
j1P4U_kjEK-uMva85b9cOaopwd9T40uGJz01eqja3VNUTCdBMPX6yWgENFqndNLQKijL3XdzDyz=
ieSeF0AIjS9-YiTzFlQJzkBBlsnH-u0MzdV4XoPS_luKWY2kTXjxV25h2fnHdNlnAR_yqOUU5o4=
PFBlHvnJqdvB0DWe7OYccKHec1-8h-s0yLX9K6l2CwgVjUVtDJYkP7vRacivvqYWraPxCo6ZJx1=
g4QiVSpdPQFtevDZc84l0nRLNiENROdbFqdYgPDxTMjTeOksMWfiucWMdhK48__LbOml3r-6-gc=
-hEGokUDtxfIuNb_oUgBF5ya1PzDE4k3egtN-Acf2_RtnIWTDUlPW0IhuzVF16Dn0s2FtSSV4pM=
4h7nWlzWgYwBzHmX_lqtCg3UcztbkR2m6zdYnLq9saO3Wyj9Rxt3TwpeIII2FCoefd8D7YgWXlD=
8HNTnNGOc8-EvcTUtdePI_R8an2AOK0CljGScoyuG8o1u6lynQ81KQcjKrQ8p8Xci5MUfa_yHzZ=
7jJGdW6jKkLGLXfHWSi3Ovu9Qxr5aUsFTmUMKTN14hFIlh8NsSxul1eR4jSwRjVHrS44EZbciWV=
nFUHeF6JOQyKJVMY4BL_giUlBMZakFhsMIOpcSd4FVmlk__KKNa5giOOvp3R-4kfcJrEtmhKPSf=
HkC1fFtdnImfxuGMOl1TSVffw5_0OOFnaOCGLbopmL/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h0/h0=
01.ensr4XDHWrpw8hZHADOmVS_PcNUK20dkyJTsBJRFY48">Listen online</a> &nbsp; | =
&nbsp; <a data-read-online-tooltip=3D"true" href=3D"https://elinke47.insane=
founder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STjvVkPVIncCR=
EYlDBPmcZCcEZBbYnWvU8nc-SIwWvYcf9RySGQtWWDIAS8aH3mlXEHdOZqwp-jQAouAd4K-fJt_=
Nim5iG43GiiEkbdlc1sC9oUE0xwFzz5w7G5qLpdU32Jt8Yl_YeSj1P4U_kjEK-uMva85b9cOaop=
wd9T40uGJz5YWvUXE9Jl11rzaL3XIFodPKs8WRXYbk6ftGS2mFDRuKYjkXW_bHjkzMDm8ISF6Pe=
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mNax0DErKeV71EqsX-GiQj18TCqJXFJ42z9PZX4Jr6_7-xcJ3o2moRCD_hXGY_XmIHNS2nTwZ8V=
iclVwFCWTmMKTmBk1tRlRVS8k5ZJvmxTVvYfMao58MSM5A1Z7efYM9MDOKtbvEGPI5Pl44obaWH=
1ZxpdBbkIB795zU8Wsp3Eg3ykFFEFg1Pmr9tVdXdQNCALppWYMzkiuWEyLM0jE7AseYeFRU10Mx=
RZ-mY3ePIw28JoMM7tw7IxEGwa89if3xY-hf9BdjjadrDYgeZjoyYbarOxnRwoa14jJCYQuUbXM=
0WTntYrRReQizoLTvxSyv0KK0eo-ulO0KvBbux1vlA532FYJ8E69Nj7bhD460xPwRAc7Q2-CzoN=
90JzpCW2ECBjIQTqKvVdQexQ7wiL8eSy9Lf4tlFDrVGraRZSMKQ70ruPvMAlK5LHq6vMx0y8Zv5=
MrXcTzITLQY1vkN7bZifboNtSHra3_Q7vzjeNm5kwmT-wyFauAg/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeu=
x_w/h1/h001.mT1C18EL1rDiS_DnGXeQj8mOixcQVa8ZpOld6B6ZPps">Read online</a></p=
></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"wi=
dth:100%;text-align:center;"><table role=3D"none" border=3D"0" cellspacing=
=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:16px auto 16px; p=
adding: 0;"><tbody><tr><td style=3D"width:620px;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;te=
xt-align:center;"><a href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.A=
ISvUUSVjDprnRD9tNkLRcGmfW09rMevMnXoY8ocgH8FEEph4_faUYYmEmj9kWr6IvCRZA85YlSy=
YmWvjkZBJoDzeKr6tv1xRUFnemXtRVpOB67AJTIyllQUyshE40po9okSS0nKlgSCb91SBIJU82b=
5NuDZbdugPDhgq67CDHXoKsq_5ke-h0Q6hDs3pYbLPWJkbUBq1csBJaKmT_UE3hN26h3Kf5LIRA=
nU-nORH8M/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h2/h001.rDIPiulIYgjdXzhGA_o4TwW1EiwXtE=
ZwaNTU4cEC7DQ"><img alt=3D"" width=3D"620" height=3D"auto" border=3D"0" sty=
le=3D"width:100%;height:auto;border:0;display:block;outline:none;text-decor=
ation:none;margin:0 auto;" src=3D"https://media.beehiiv.com/cdn-cgi/image/f=
it=3Dscale-down,format=3Dauto,onerror=3Dredirect,quality=3D80/uploads/asset=
/file/698927e8-034b-4606-a502-d5cb1884b92b/4.png?t=3D1744055011"/></a></td>=
</tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"center" valign=
=3D"top" style=3D"padding:15px 0;"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" bord=
er=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td align=
=3D"center" valign=3D"top"><h1 style=3D"text-align:left;font-family:'Spectr=
al',Georgia,Palatino,serif;font-weight:400;font-size:32px;color:#000000FF;p=
adding:2px 0;line-height:38px;"> How to stop needing the answer </h1><p sty=
le=3D"text-align:left;font-family:'Karla',-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,=
Roboto,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-size:20px;color:#000000FF;padding=
:5px 0;line-height:24px;"> 5 evidence-based ways to build a higher toleranc=
e in uncertain times </p></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"cente=
r" valign=3D"top" class=3D"dd"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=
=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td aling=
=3D"center" valign=3D"middle" class=3D"mob-stack"><table role=3D"none" bord=
er=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"left" class=3D"mob-st=
ack" style=3D"width:100%;"><tr><td align=3D"left" valign=3D"middle" style=
=3D"padding: 5px 0px 5px 0px;"><table role=3D"none" border=3D"0" cellspacin=
g=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"left"><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D=
"middle"><img src=3D"https://media.beehiiv.com/cdn-cgi/image/fit=3Dscale-do=
wn,format=3Dauto,onerror=3Dredirect,quality=3D80/uploads/user/profile_pictu=
re/7222f065-0aeb-4775-bb97-0e4610547de8/thumb_Lavena_profile_1_bigger.jpg" =
width=3D"40" alt=3D"" style=3D"display:block;max-width:40px;border-radius:5=
0%;position:relative;border:4px solid rgba(0,0,0,0) !important;left:-4px;bo=
x-sizing:content-box;z-index:10;" border=3D"0"/></td><td width=3D"5" style=
=3D"width:5px;">&nbsp;</td><td align=3D"left" valign=3D"middle" class=3D"g"=
 style=3D"position:relative;left:8px;width:100%;"><p style=3D"padding:0px;c=
olor:#000000FF;"> Lavena Xu-Johnson </p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table=
></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" bo=
rder=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td><ta=
ble role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=
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margin-top:15px;"><tr><td align=3D"left" valign=3D"middle"><table role=3D"n=
one" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"left"><tr><t=
d align=3D"left" valign=3D"middle"><table role=3D"none" border=3D"0" cellsp=
acing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"left"><tr><td align=3D"center" valig=
n=3D"middle"><a href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1G=
ye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STgrDw8uiwbQ-HZbCjw-kco91n1u1zJcgMIDpw1Iy=
ZznVb_TxhejWy1kXEVTccm3mBJN6bX_mr8m6Kbxk-XW90m8l8MDdThSwnXlFPPraa5z_rBjBSnQ=
tRpohQ_FrT-rrLPJO3cNy9KDZBhYL9R9UuUlFSYlsnSEjwt2OV0GNLXGnzUrWMpAQl_Agq3v1A1=
oRV3sSV48uuQ-KBHPLxu1JHvlKf-6Ho8EEz5epiCB_YQUu6521Zf2-hlpz6gPP8dzhIv2UwTgn4=
UcG8MbQB4nFn2SBBrPui596ZNrTLR7S2Bqy56droyRGOpjJF6b2uWSXPzTNhctwAiFvw8mEzwRF=
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ddle"><a href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08=
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5Hs8w7Uz8TcpByGhWaedxbhwJrHwiS0EuaIbfYv3eQqbBqkr4qe-2SQtFNdzicwfnGXLFDq0Imq=
q3WsRbxUezovhPFjh4lQ2UmGE-WaOlWP8iH/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h7/h001.bwoT=
IJSDbEF2ISWQ49UmbkXTBNtaZNP8EehPR3CgrGs" style=3D"text-decoration:none; dis=
play:block;"><table role=3D"none" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpaddin=
g=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"middle" style=
=3D"border: 1px solid #E5E7EB; border-radius: 100%; width: 18px; height: 18=
px; padding: 8px;"><img style=3D"display:block; width:100%; height:100%; ma=
x-width:18px; max-height:18px; object-fit: contain;" alt=3D"share on thread=
s" width=3D"18" height=3D"18" border=3D"0" src=3D"https://media.beehiiv.com=
/cdn-cgi/image/fit=3Dscale-down,format=3Dauto,onerror=3Dredirect,quality=3D=
80/static_assets/header/threads.png"/></td></tr></table></a></td><td width=
=3D"8" style=3D"width:8px;">&nbsp;</td><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"middl=
e"><a href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.AT3-eE2Hi133k66I=
6TdPhlb-iZ9lau5wPrZlmTE1GK7ku2ZyGAYRPp3MG8xy-rjmWSy5qcKK5K9mrXDTvCpSe29yVKZ=
AUiCI39k2WwssQwqSL8zkxbGQLBYs1XkkmuWIu4pA8wHX2R-VVGGNP1Gblb9KgiQ5GTURCfSgMN=
msCggd0lYizXQ--3GTdHlt56ag_9K8z6pxnC-TbPfkWXHwLHVdqFY0AqDR1SWaHg7EfmKs6l-T7=
YgXBRuCdc3pGMVGaYvupMpCoJtUwejOZpx8vMuEMshk5oCrbAzpBuSibzc-0xl9VX07cvKXypv_=
U6OSjrWJqEBxVySD0NrPTBzVs5diQWBabWSQ-IMoj5VOuUw/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/=
h8/h001.x922pJf6FOHlEUThHHttEhgPMrQ7919_QcLVP9zoFFM" style=3D"text-decorati=
on:none; display:block;"><table role=3D"none" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0=
" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"mid=
dle" style=3D"border: 1px solid #E5E7EB; border-radius: 100%; width: 18px; =
height: 18px; padding: 8px;"><img style=3D"display:block; width:100%; heigh=
t:100%; max-width:18px; max-height:18px; object-fit: contain;" alt=3D"share=
 on linkedin" width=3D"18" height=3D"18" border=3D"0" src=3D"https://media.=
beehiiv.com/cdn-cgi/image/fit=3Dscale-down,format=3Dauto,onerror=3Dredirect=
,quality=3D80/static_assets/header/linkedin.png"/></td></tr></table></a></t=
d></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td><=
/tr><tr><td style=3D"line-height:0;"><div data-open-tracking=3D"true"> <img=
 src=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/o/u001.Ifrzp5d3VAqNdzQRQROF4w=
/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/ho.gif" alt=3D"" width=3D"1" height=3D"1" borde=
r=3D"0" style=3D"height:1px !important;width:1px !important;border-width:0 =
!important;margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important;margin-right:=
0 !important;margin-left:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;padding-bott=
om:0 !important;padding-right:0 !important;padding-left:0 !important;"/> </=
div></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr id=3D"content-blocks"><td class=
=3D"email-card-body" align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"padding-botto=
m:15px;"><table role=3D"none" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0"=
 cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" sty=
le=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"=
mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><sup>=
Hi! Welcome. You being here means more than you know. Knowing it lands with=
 someone like you keeps me going. I&#39;m </sup></span><span style=3D"color=
:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><sup><a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insane=
founder.com/ss/c/u001.bpfNd0WUME1E9_0kM61ss20A6eYu3Kq770NwzQBXkDmB5VFLBSNs4=
j0q0WZ_47fINpnPAH_h58nWpTuxWQBHyo-wp9_D_Q_4207L58iFucOuhOficxyCV6EaYqQg2SYZ=
axQV_xxMmyukf1pZYnGCa-f9DMlMJZV-WblK_r-RfrjC_d-vaeJAcqe-B4v7y1lb9dJ4wxcesu1=
bQUlRDp_rWSFamAxWQf8P0Mn3616VJ8M/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h9/h001.LCAU16Z=
gDYzDWr0P_ikz_MK1JK12C3fEF-8XR1h4Esw" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener nor=
eferrer nofollow"><span>Lavena Xu-Johnson</span></a></sup></span><span styl=
e=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><sup>. I write about psychology for founders=
. Why? Because scaling a business means scaling ourselves first.</sup></spa=
n></p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15=
px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:=
150.0%;"><i>Hi lovely founders,</i></p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=
=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"=
><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"><i>Last week, I shared </i><a cla=
ss=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7I=
N08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STgt5DTquHCbfbgl55zlxk261uZqtt58UUCIaOKpUNjPN=
d2ug143ap8yZ5QwmKMgmmmLQvdDM_PGUQ-4KHdUzFKCsUxgWR2sl8Jq5XjzUdsYgu5nsQPxcJ5-=
hMdnbzi5GWUuRh88lzSDBjbApPm-F5y11gXVhLg__CJjkaQ72-sEykejaVbWuWVvzoRRYgU_AVN=
jU73wbwpTgLHdijfDhgOb4DiSwcRJMm90vyfJ3iPPLSfrzVALEKGWyoFivhtNq4RdP_1IZzDPE3=
SNBwFmDQh1OhOfLAHYbOXxTvzQp_pwzaz59m2PU2LLBdhL3-gIhegHXUCbYKoUcPVBN8QXBwz5n=
VS55ifu8vJJ_GkdNfeoBrjXbk22k8Z8T8saCOYMs-bWmE1TP_HFxcLqJ8LOCYzOv1eyCLU0mSVT=
k6BrNdd8T5JmCFbclxdPb65Xf7vgKWEZ2yXJYq2AaCTzZ0B17xRMoVqFSNV7xVOH95TdwHyzC3c=
kAyRKckUEPRlTVCR-G8TXov3Fe5T6swLabjlPD3MYJknns3gckjTn8EGG_zG8WYLFrAE0mwpGbK=
tfpeAL8N6JIOnGYknXsmsdI5LSNsAOsRDzoalTL9XD9P1LyqG4vEL8Ip3e5FfOdnE_2Yjmx2LCD=
XldZhIlHim5ASAUeLw5q3BEjSQE1jdTh7grXsqv_9nSdKKK7QXIfibwEfYmiVP9MViFZvM8IJki=
1qF8j90lPtZkL-izHAH3UFcU8ot4Im6Q5MZLYgjxhND1sXaoVsT02OKPSDPj7-Qwg-K0DTumDXA=
Th_e4zK-h38X49gPPag/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h10/h001.lF3FPkLMs_ks1k2-X_E=
CkPf5U3itPKFeMvqmOzHWAFM" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofo=
llow"><span><i>why we can&#39;t stop doomscrolling</i></span></a><i>: an un=
derlying mechanism psychologists call the Intolerance of Uncertainty, or IU=
, and how being uncomfortable with ambiguity can turn doomscrolling into a =
coping strategy.</i></p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=
=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"ms=
o-line-height-alt:150.0%;"><i>What I didn&#39;t get to in last week&#39;s i=
ssue: across numerous clinical studies, intolerance of uncertainty shows up=
 as one of the most significant upstream contributing factors of anxiety di=
sorders: generalised anxiety, health anxiety, OCD, panic.</i></p></td></tr>=
<tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:le=
ft;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"><i>Most=
 people have never heard of this term. But we&#39;ve spent a lot of energy =
understanding anxiety as a feeling. We=E2=80=99ve normalised it, written ab=
out it, built wellness apps around it, but the root cause - the belief that=
 uncertainty is dangerous and must be eliminated rarely gets addressed.</i>=
</p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px=
;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:15=
0.0%;"><i>That=E2=80=99s what this essay is about - how to effectively redu=
ce the intolerance of uncertainty.</i></p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" al=
ign=3D"center" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:center;word-break:break=
-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"><span style=3D"color:rgb(1=
03, 114, 91);"><span style=3D"text-decoration:underline;"><b><a class=3D"li=
nk" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08GIPms=
K5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6SThglUp8d1cGeAcSR7wfP56yfdUiQg-yWMsCdDHbOqyNV0BcDd0Bl=
NCSWIR3vK7tJFNwoxCfOtNqQX4lphXaL70-ui5VtS9M0QdUTPzHZXdiLERV4istNuhC69rGKtu0=
xcn5eFWxVUWwdRrcAP5Bj1Bzri1nX6-F_lVxuUD8e4X3h33nPZQTYJZn6Jgv-mh9X0dyNlBq9F0=
oIANo8TXLgLv15Fw3ohfN6MVT0MWVESTmosNbXlhaimHtfozZqca_ITwRd5sQKsdiSDPRRPuVr6=
7uog9-flPCsl7I5aVweEgoUNe33Pe6EaRZnpX00okVs4Dk2PsjsC7Xecvzn4_kxymMl9_wuDRY8=
t5liL0KhDT8qAmEkK4V6Y_TVjLmfNNqwXcPby1vffpByeRFFBfGmiiQvB-hxRCEIWpxbggKEEg4=
wczTp8FycMMbrNlbSjZpyRwoxfY3ujIJuAiQykyHu5X8y-FLEFxWEV6-BagtLLka9CfeDuz1JxY=
eu11isLGurNSFsriDOGGnXs72Myp_84gajKopLX1Q0EkMPzsCoksCKibbz-TNMMUhcdN9tnskeH=
VZXdvIprLyzcEfYjKVucAlioPwQHWH0LuEvAEwwv1ggl1NEF_sEZY6v5dFD04vQXpShIz_cXEkV=
qay_wjMStRZNGnUjygUZNscGGZ1saCgGjAshA2nBHKiXMdbd9wf1t5P02foqeGyRiiz3x6f8axq=
oXEonhAlCiwWDt0_iudHxcRgIpm_q8E0fzVArk4qAKTuO-e54EEDsNTI52PB_Da-AAYSrL2CKCK=
l5NCXwXm-pw/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h11/h001.sw4M_nCzNEVuytthFdhVmYVGSxu=
BCU1sWwIu8vdjeZ8" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow" st=
yle=3D"text-decoration-color: rgb(103, 114, 91);"><span style=3D"color: rgb=
(103, 114, 91);"><i>Subscribe</i></span></a></b></span></span><span style=
=3D"color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"> | </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"=
><span style=3D"text-decoration:underline;"><b><a class=3D"link" href=3D"ht=
tps://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtW=
weYntAW6SThJNmZUgWG0QUcOSyhN3AcIPARp_pQUGucbwJJsQP64Qp0v7sUCdopq5BrvXJP_5n0=
8wRcJFnNUsMq2XjdBCQOMT1jU2nq30da1Cv00vlXLyMIyD6ZHdxZQ2GaVIQED_j-GpBrFvA6Ky6=
iPNJV7SXXwnw76zzJyQ9UGMgiP1E10hdmbrqWbZQqNkCxLfXzca7JWx3ufuPd7ynvxJSBVXD9Ea=
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wnqPKKnI1lfwOb5bfAC1mwJ0CbenNnBOew22S0qpRkEsswfhXEkxTAF4F6CHeFZ3E4Gt5z7jhx-=
nRMdN5uHPd3ImSXeiBeFsTgYwqVxA7rrcRZ5ed__YQ1rq63bJkbcr5rWZpxGvJ1EArUwQt6D6dA=
p3rII54vMWLsvjhWSsQ2vEmFymQKPfoqQCUF3n2PKeZWRJt2J29fsLs1zxvlo0U7galCMGV2eRG=
tvLwAh5qjBgtSIejfS02s4173obvQ9hSwjF1HA-lfklBEd67LzKZtBq24XVeCHRvvr3GTpVAgkL=
98f-utoX3q5C6A_U7abfWC_2EeMciIWuBH9dynQ-45_1oEhxOoFmp7kICMz30npV3tkFSmAQ/4p=
7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h12/h001.wtCrptzdeWJxhYg0uXOeUZXycwpt-0-pdzupUmBbA=
QA" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow" style=3D"text-de=
coration-color: rgb(103, 114, 91);"><span style=3D"color: rgb(103, 114, 91)=
;"><i>Past essays</i></span></a></b></span></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(=
0, 0, 0);"> | </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><span style=
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47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.KISc3xZvrw82p29D5a_CR4QPdruG7MgSu6yILfuv0AX0=
Yg3mW8Pid8oO_Ww4PVUDqFMQAvvS2OOfQLZExCN5QWlFoAMjuB64EFOEEWF4K8_ICwMaIpU38m9=
xF-ArkTFgfvV7nixTnkBxDOU7B0V-45OHuft6YGIzFCAjNPqfWO7tho_JurpBiYd5ujuzW6nXUO=
DlZO8VKoFAra_0_olrcrCvRAq6PNnmE34a0mQixx23NjPi9Wf4p7UYnA5PaLkV_a8bYGO5l2PFd=
6k6HCrqmdagCsU_t90obmjglUf-89p-zjfxcgsvGl8Lz37o6NKstpZfYt4dokmZvFi-LVhU7LlE=
7j4A4kX3w4IlB1r2RGM8uLAzteDBL7tGUhctJ8XqtEqKVjxNY2Qv4mUIPemoEw/4p7/jginlHMm=
Sf66gZ1njeux_w/h13/h001.QteFKiw6a3CXV59bJTA0NDiAk4LbLTjnT8oW6zITU5k" target=
=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow" style=3D"text-decoration-c=
olor: rgb(103, 114, 91);"><span style=3D"color: rgb(103, 114, 91);"><i>Let=
=E2=80=99s collaborate</i></span></a></b></span></span><span style=3D"color=
:rgb(0, 0, 0);"> | </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><span st=
yle=3D"text-decoration:underline;"><b><a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://eli=
nke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.AISvUUSVjDprnRD9tNkLRcGmfW09rMevMnXoY8ocg=
H8FEEph4_faUYYmEmj9kWr6IvCRZA85YlSyYmWvjkZBJoDzeKr6tv1xRUFnemXtRVpOB67AJTIy=
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idaLyZGj2Ssks_IKu6e7vMc-9mTXBBUFtP9iDQkbbGXqBQKCKIc7w2jznLXQlUkWZlAuq3YepaE=
bngsB12ajqTw/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h14/h001.u2GtYpJsLJam6HwT6M66QockbY=
jB2wd5aSpV_TVK60I" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow" s=
tyle=3D"text-decoration-color: rgb(103, 114, 91);"><span style=3D"color: rg=
b(103, 114, 91);"><i>Insane Media</i></span></a></b></span></span><b>=C2=A0=
</b><span style=3D"color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">| </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(1=
03, 114, 91);"><span style=3D"text-decoration:underline;"><b><a class=3D"li=
nk" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.AT3-eE2Hi133k66I6T=
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LpBddui5qMutFVs39cuPE9DOaAlt5ZZhvTA/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h15/h001.Ydn=
u_k_eV58qncvXrkPt9HL46rcBR1xhatA9h-Xpr3o" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener=
 noreferrer nofollow" style=3D"text-decoration-color: rgb(103, 114, 91);"><=
span style=3D"color: rgb(103, 114, 91);"><i>Instagram</i></span></a></b></s=
pan></span></p></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"f=
ont-size:0px;line-height:0px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd"><table cl=
ass=3D"j" role=3D"none" width=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpa=
dding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></td></tr><t=
r><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left=
;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> =F0=9F=
=A4=9D<span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><i> This edition is brought =
to you by</i></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><i><b>=C2=A0</=
b></i></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><i><a class=3D"link" =
href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.9DjH2V-SF2W_cSMu5qkRHn=
YkquAFx2KkIw9DofYI4JPCxQPDXcE59uShkXCY_O_2v8L--T8MEb9jeu8QLnfPYfhN84pRv8eHr=
sgi_5ENQf9WEbZvkWE-fohq9N7Q5WbiPyMsCqhU9R8kL8PyAu_p8qCxnZ92-00NCX6G8zlO8rfZ=
dXUSrVlDutw5ezILeowb2rpDH1d_qTo-M9-uY7RnPchHqEjdS2p62tA58SFjiq112Jo5_aVEsDc=
_l73F895R/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h16/h001.F7V_ZVqAQV496I4oiWJ38JBJu47Vr=
42lenOkc8t8KWk" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><spa=
n>Lightfield</span></a></i></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);">=
<i>=C2=A0</i></span></p></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"add" class=3D"dd" align=3D"=
left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;padding:0px 1=
5px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;mso-line=
-height-alt:125.0%;"><b><a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefo=
under.com/ss/c/u001.9DjH2V-SF2W_cSMu5qkRHnYkquAFx2KkIw9DofYI4JPCxQPDXcE59uS=
hkXCY_O_2v8L--T8MEb9jeu8QLnfPYfhN84pRv8eHrsgi_5ENQf9WEbZvkWE-fohq9N7Q5WbiPy=
MsCqhU9R8kL8PyAu_p8qCxnZ92-00NCX6G8zlO8rcPxflQssN6Gbcw3-BTm2uUrC1D5BfbFxmJm=
EZEidFiTJQvqnoDZFdQLmvvf4L3EDwTcfqlH-FIdtv8JPJNEfs3/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeu=
x_w/h17/h001.ZpIsGnxoxSjGZnAQfp-0bwyFYFH9lqNEbwm8EI7wFaU" target=3D"_blank"=
 rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>Every tool in your stack is fro=
m this decade except your CRM.</span></a></b></h3></td></tr><tr><td class=
=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break=
:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> You wouldn&#39;t ru=
n your infra on a self-hosted server. You wouldn=E2=80=99t plan your engine=
ering work in Jira. But somehow your customer relationships live in a CRM t=
hat only knows what you remembered to type into a text field. </p></td></tr=
><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:l=
eft;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Light=
field connects to your email and calendar. Every interaction captured. Ever=
y account is auto-updated. Ask it anything about your customers and get cit=
ed answers from real conversations. 10-minute setup. No data entry. Ever. <=
/p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;=
text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150=
.0%;"><a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u00=
1.9DjH2V-SF2W_cSMu5qkRHnYkquAFx2KkIw9DofYI4JPCxQPDXcE59uShkXCY_O_2v8L--T8ME=
b9jeu8QLnfPYfhN84pRv8eHrsgi_5ENQf9WEbZvkWE-fohq9N7Q5WbiPyMsCqhU9R8kL8PyAu_p=
8qCxnZ92-00NCX6G8zlO8rfhyiq2_lSlpykqeba_6xLHL6MamblXZcIJfT5FsM3xZjS8Adub4Zs=
jrlStaNyWH2cOaTL19hFQbyKRdcRL2f5b/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h18/h001.6qDeI=
5UYR29qDSacoptg1EyTfH4lJwpYcCb8F0lWQHA" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener n=
oreferrer nofollow"><span>Migrate from any CRM in under an hour =E2=86=92 <=
/span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"paddin=
g:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-hei=
ght-alt:150.0%;"> Use code <b>INSANEFOUNDER23</b> for 3 months free. </p></=
td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-=
align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"=
><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);font-family:Karla, -apple-system, "=
system-ui", Roboto, sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:400;"><i>We partn=
er with a select group of brands we use or admire, which keeps this newslet=
ter </i></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);font-family:Karla, -a=
pple-system, "system-ui", Roboto, sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:400=
;"><i><b>free</b></i></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);font-fam=
ily:Karla, -apple-system, "system-ui", Roboto, sans-serif;font-size:16px;fo=
nt-weight:400;"><i> and </i></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);f=
ont-family:Karla, -apple-system, "system-ui", Roboto, sans-serif;font-size:=
16px;font-weight:400;"><i><b>independent</b></i></span><span style=3D"color=
:rgb(103, 114, 91);font-family:Karla, -apple-system, "system-ui", Roboto, s=
ans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:400;"><i>. Reach out for your campaign=
 </i></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(103, 114, 91);"><span style=3D"text-de=
coration:underline;"><i><a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefo=
under.com/ss/c/u001.KISc3xZvrw82p29D5a_CR4QPdruG7MgSu6yILfuv0AX0Yg3mW8Pid8o=
O_Ww4PVUDqFMQAvvS2OOfQLZExCN5QWlFoAMjuB64EFOEEWF4K8_ICwMaIpU38m9xF-ArkTFgfv=
V7nixTnkBxDOU7B0V-45OHuft6YGIzFCAjNPqfWO7tho_JurpBiYd5ujuzW6nXUODlZO8VKoFAr=
a_0_olrcrCvRAq6PNnmE34a0mQixx23NjPi9Wf4p7UYnA5PaLkV_a8bYGO5l2PFd6k6HCrqmdag=
CsU_t90obmjglUf-89p-zjfxcgsvGl8Lz37o6NKsYHLcvOF9zxBb-8jvxlBA8K4fyBiD-yWDGiC=
hcEsnWML19dWM0KR9oAvOK3fmrpfOtWrlEPupwwKZQRAPeEQ92w/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeu=
x_w/h19/h001.N-nqgVwuyAkbnMBG5wcV1M-au_r3xPmbcKsOsUR3JT8" target=3D"_blank"=
 rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow" style=3D"text-decoration-color: rgb(1=
03, 114, 91);"><span style=3D"color: rgb(103, 114, 91);"><b>here</b></span>=
</a></i></span></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Karla, =
-apple-system, "system-ui", Roboto, sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:4=
00;"><span style=3D"text-decoration:underline;"><i><b>.</b></i></span></spa=
n></p></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"font-size:=
0px;line-height:0px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd"><table class=3D"j"=
 role=3D"none" width=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"=
0" align=3D"center"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td id=
=3D"why-iu-matters-more-than-weve-been-" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=
=3D"top" style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;padding:0px 15px;text-ali=
gn:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;mso-line-height-alt:=
125.0%;">Why IU matters more than we&#39;ve been told</h3></td></tr><tr><td=
 class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word=
-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Most anxiety =
interventions focus on the emotion itself: calming our feelings, regulating=
 our bodies, and reframing our thought processes. These are indeed useful, =
but they treat anxiety after it has already arrived. IU-focused interventio=
ns go further back, to what&#39;s generating it in the first place. </p></t=
d></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-a=
lign:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;">=
 The concept of intolerance of uncertainty itself has been building for dec=
ades. In 1949, researcher Frenkel-Brunswik observed that <a class=3D"link" =
href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.pjq2ZpDS3xnXUv2fenOLqx=
WC8QAC8_6zQ-c9QjMLV6sgMGyl-Ryh6FQSlkq7L7vZ_zlh3izjIm1NMTrwvkb4koiWh7onVG7I-=
rCeUYi46CBbF0Nsy1nEu8o17dKYUDw544xQqEX4x1INqioefbt9pWkq0BTvw9qN12BCKcSJ7Y14=
Q4Anz7dMi8nyphmDZ-jT64HMpIe7QaBD9HY0IjmjesLv5kM-cGAjPKq6D8u01BKfZGqDUJJ41-5=
KMY7pu96-0F0ANm0Ed6Ijg9RqzmJtlIz4VrpwWczqvO28R2_TnyY/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1nje=
ux_w/h20/h001.3S9YU9knCxja5HlqWxbXXRLAQV34j36bn3bnjaYU1AM" target=3D"_blank=
" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>some people found ambiguity in=
herently threatening</span></a>. Researchers Michel Dugas and Mark Freeston=
 first mapped IU as a transdiagnostic construct in the 1990s, and their wor=
k has since been replicated across hundreds of studies: besides general anx=
iety, IU also underpins worry, panic, OCD, social anxiety, health anxiety, =
and depression - across cultures and populations (<a class=3D"link" href=3D=
"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.AT3-eE2Hi133k66I6TdPhp0UCayFI=
srso94e7RFiAx5dXIPs9O4H_4PHrXY7KFhdcz53vzyT0JEwkOgcioGXD3MF3m1mdXCYJD7mBUvx=
p3M2u9HY6QUfZH60LkPWYFgawhzliA9M7uehQrLTfaUG19PDIZtaPTxZ-dE9n8ZI1eYCwh_gtK2=
C2-KiKjpIdmcxK8oxvzvqya1Rv8ztHsX17qsVbJqBs6UAb7Euo4FKIN1g3J8p0VX5ULQCPcbPzF=
EuZ0iEAgl9H0O5gAkcZu8xXy5kAj9x0lcB3PNzqDxkvKE/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h2=
1/h001.tRYRlCgFNOTtXcPfjVeu0CmLksELi9dXJdChdsJM8Xg" target=3D"_blank" rel=
=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>Carleton, 2016</span></a>). </p></t=
d></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-a=
lign:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;">=
 A <a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.9=
DjH2V-SF2W_cSMu5qkRHrD-aDS1bloRorjIalmZmnjxqMbcXfaJZ0eKLBs6q-Nw_1O86IttbpPx=
2Whvs3EeEUkh05M7Gr4cyLQMxXE6_YlkOWoMl2X3ngd-2AtL-AMKHEoSBNDfQ9gf8tThkuuDYmY=
JHYV9KjO1emL0dUcV75jOtoELNHzp1_yMeTaoWYMmqEA3lIyk7BA5obpJ9K13fVHkp9vPJ4ruRz=
onQ4wQi2Rvog7h3lWfKuSVyi_ZMl45uJDvKoUSodZD4uKeHHKDW0M_ncW3DwMftXt4MXJyueU/4=
p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h22/h001.CF9UebKRHd0wh0jz6hYYOPIAAvqvRi-2Y5AzQO5o=
sWU" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>large-sca=
le network analysis of 108,540 adolescents</span></a> found IU to be a cent=
ral, interconnected node in the anxiety system: when IU is lowered, symptom=
s reduce with it. This is what clinicians call a =E2=80=98transdiagnostic r=
isk factor=E2=80=99: a single mechanism can alter the entire architecture. =
</p></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"font-size:0p=
x;line-height:0px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd"><table class=3D"j" r=
ole=3D"none" width=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0"=
 align=3D"center"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td class=
=3D"e" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"padding:15px 15px 12px;"><h3 =
style=3D"">When you&#39;re in a spiral, what do you usually do?</h3></td></=
tr><tr><td class=3D"ee e " style=3D"padding:0px 15px 15px;"><div style=3D"m=
argin-left:0px;" class=3D"edm_outlooklist"><table role=3D"none" border=3D"0=
" cellspacing=3D"4" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"left" style=3D"min-width:300=
px;"><tr><td style=3D"width:100%;border:1px solid rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);pa=
dding:6px 12px; border-radius:4px;"><a style=3D"font-style:normal;text-deco=
ration:none;" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye=
7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STherAhGXPNb6ML0vhCp2Aw32oA-6AVPYdX-W_d2293=
5edNLE6zHRfkwf66b78tXWrsYmthHrZGoRTzzsKFJL8C84ZeX3VSkg532zgK0iQCvEmboHvCB75=
Jx83mNha4xQvf9qa-nWKrCVL-3dI46ndTEQI66ADgGrnFp3TrE-q9wx4ZeDBgjHbIdXL27Um8j-=
nsSCrP5yPnjcBnDXUo_Nln4Z4a2U8F1xHk4nCCDvYbNvluP0OL5MKpbLSgUwu8ttaHRV96fkniV=
hrFevK735HjK5Bv7PL-IqzrS9h3BB9NSBQokcv74snrZas-ebZ1B_4IEL6vzQzPHQSWr5ulIC6M=
EnuWASxIPb6d5r8w1KEh9B-_O-TJygfhyMf1CJN5XVsstveZnmftSPcWb-FD2U_ulH5Ml8IYBxp=
wVbra6ES5D2BqD4NeQ4b4NrzFuoHMQLE1ca-Pr0lPJo_gXpkCOm-aFBWMJgXTRUn8_kCOnhngY8=
1VcxZaMwBtHLpGG7I6KpRxy6RznBPz4Z1ZLVLlwmA3fWrD8rfJ6r47Sud0fiKmWc16XnFBTstr9=
FFmHKfsXUH3FiIiMyCmtPeFHdLEH3vEtPHbZ0k8zJDG_B-W_OzjKxDFIDWrwV45JktKwCxhmdk3=
gEpWXhhTy_VZZ9AEuAjHk1gdLlIEojKhxuKoLlfuZ0UAE5QSkYjGOdsKaZ2OjBK7yD49vzR2CHK=
YVYaiL7zevX-N0kKkSzy_1EAyojZ439IigA8wbIUWjO1hyw3wjLI0p6j2q32zPDInRoD15KJmQp=
xRxz5WPLdkW--GerfaslCJAkp_GYCkhC9kIA9ZyO-o99vIrl59Nx82_Bmo44Wrxacpt9tWQJmYf=
FyCeIVqSzilZnNg65Oe3nnd9sKJyK_rHnF5JU7qSr0QBtaUy9NPCuhanLYlmKkrUr7QBua3raAN=
ZqPtc7GYcWMHrltqJCOWlNx5Kr5oPh_X9Ztgc-31pPGcF0v9vKg6pDDUUMKlSKw/4p7/jginlHM=
mSf66gZ1njeux_w/h23/h001.zLuze46GIunkrz52xlD9EWbZwmK0-V3i6wKUpDdKs40"><p st=
yle=3D"font-size:14px;color:inherit;"> =F0=9F=AB=A0 Keep scrolling until th=
e feeling passes </p></a></td></tr><tr><td style=3D"width:100%;border:1px s=
olid rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);padding:6px 12px; border-radius:4px;"><a style=
=3D"font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;" href=3D"https://elinke47.insan=
efounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STherAhGXPNb=
6ML0vhCp2Aw32oA-6AVPYdX-W_d22935edNLE6zHRfkwf66b78tXWrtgxqFXWCiCj-qncPqNqVp=
1E2nbIQA7kmAcH78vNXULAV5_OHL2XOJYjULDHBwujfYGjdwb-WRalZylB6LMONiy3R-_7rUy-z=
bAXMa22wOJT1AtSa3CKmXvlnaZUT9PE1w6iGp1wGlflf_lbVE_wyP7Wbswr9T9CfyIj2gUjeZpH=
rAUE1UsVmNjAQcQGcAbyARYkQB6-G0DKB8XvZkph-3r6u1pyQYv5F3KElRFNlOHRemLBSvyCpo_=
uIgycdvqkF_R2G6U7ulhC7wCG2FeyC4hf6q5DOIHko6_syjiwa5UsZh21FMCHV3fd7Q_OMVNPr1=
euvqjhluFS6u5OTQMNKx3zprCbhZJZbYzmgh6DVfwN6g-riS0SHKTQTBA7l0C7JQhR8EjiNimho=
DdNKppThw7qVyC9s3Y8HXX1BDDdVhuB1CxAttdKK07zqo819RfXhdMwnxvU83hCcxpuWs04v36u=
s2B5KrEOkdVHdnjBiei5N6631Ob__3kq_fng-oH3KXS-33hbQZTHqm_BByksbGbA7xQwf4bLDby=
wpez_Ckd4kBdQxQjCZiKWvGXUxItG9vHunvgDvNb-TOlIf_CRhBbSX2h7zs5oTekq6gY6gqn4W9=
HyENKYnkZZB8jZfDgIPMQhNWOUSn1e6Bb9nILa_LeYRTlN7Ru4Tv7agdvvy4UKgeLHqKvVF98zN=
BXanunzISeWbDDx7PvE2GNd91W1uFkVhNUPlZ_qvI8B3pYoHnJi8PolR2lG2V87NrTz5JBgbZso=
wU0qObkA_RUe5FpX8rY3C59AHyd5JgqsgExFprPrGay_MR6lL07j03FFUg92FIAfo4qonmIhonL=
z2uBdzCcz0Q3v5D7k3IPZDroh3ROkvEMd00cyjQQCI5n48opFzcGDfCR5WrxuoUuO85Dk5mFNzp=
bVeXiNnZxbxeXDR9GGQ/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h24/h001.Ywjxgd7Dm7FcyyPIggV=
riNO3nu48FvTiekaF9sgpSb8"><p style=3D"font-size:14px;color:inherit;"> =F0=
=9F=A4=A7 Try to logic my way out of it </p></a></td></tr><tr><td style=3D"=
width:100%;border:1px solid rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);padding:6px 12px; border=
-radius:4px;"><a style=3D"font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;" href=3D"=
https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxL=
tWweYntAW6STherAhGXPNb6ML0vhCp2Aw32oA-6AVPYdX-W_d22935edNLE6zHRfkwf66b78tXW=
rtvXcDHWzjU6VuAHg3eJO3qN6lTYeBq4RkWewyIOLUAD9DBE81i1QWY8jYKwbTker80FDsjYXaj=
7-fOC1i2uaqccVrFgH2SQibwd7rNTzl3iFBlDnGF3zPkxPKR1QXUF_ZAtg2fUe9G7Z3mLTtFUia=
Te1wgKCVoQ4ipvfNAnS4CR8RAXuCjdaBg05UfJRVESxyvI24INLfJL0VOApPjaj9wlvE0IN-Ds4=
gcr65fsdAPa65eRHojYmtIK4RgiLwusEtI9MMhieRoWEqKsurYaScoQHykICpfiIvGd2RXPRlKo=
uKUgCfWYQdgqdEwm7u23RKnJq56bvdtI5XKWBZTjqQt6xA1Ly0FJxacGv0EHliyqOXLnAfb6bMG=
Ja88gPlKQi-e1defHJl_cCFVIiFo00oicjnXzGgV0vCDDG84q94XWSBwqDPC13rDRj9kil-Hutx=
ZRNwZvYBHYfA4L1WWUedxL-CFzyQGhTEpujQYffoiwJQwNZeFiqLyS5-_KAs1wTAV7KdYcJ_-Ow=
zrzDjCHZwst5lT06mvBPlZupmcbinCBrqIxZZMb2snpX6K3rju80f6ilFj1yV-VX_GQ8bLHS7Pw=
Qe9rT7huAB0XUGaw55uRoFgck1E5jBkFPWQ0GJsyNhJgfEUHlLCMLgOse_WEdYOnMPu-MSnJkuv=
EbOE5kZNOfgwZb9Nv41An4-cr_-TT70Ed8iQztd_4jXaEs0LeATrAi_TXG6hdwcVZ7mt9-yqUkh=
qXFSq3TD5COUbNGmrjzb-26Zu_xzTBKBbrKmpfO3-t_axkm1WCxjyPvNTQyrLA75SufsNC-9neV=
p-Y9_bRNaWxL9MVx4clTISEfseqYPzTn9hEM7-sE8Mkz8Q_l2gGgTZYEoc0dPpvmiFj1vQdTFwe=
I9InA57x2DiIqRG3b9kGZIHVHzsuUsWwGfk-TKPBA/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h25/h0=
01.Egic3UO6fCv6988J4lCdyaZdD5ALBD9dr6ob3ygS7Fw"><p style=3D"font-size:14px;=
color:inherit;"> =F0=9F=98=8E Step away, even when it&#39;s hard </p></a></=
td></tr><tr><td style=3D"width:100%;border:1px solid rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17)=
;padding:6px 12px; border-radius:4px;"><a style=3D"font-style:normal;text-d=
ecoration:none;" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1=
Gye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STherAhGXPNb6ML0vhCp2Aw32oA-6AVPYdX-W_d2=
2935edNLE6zHRfkwf66b78tXWrttOkn7knO49jieZHZiyp_YEIryp9YafPe4Zbw7RkgKtkA7xR-=
SaMViweFxb2YcZEiGB8ZBJHzz1bYFFw-fINkwCDBOarCuQFBKABqY6QTTp6bcClKumPnojecvFE=
3FuiqpcQ7kCxl19rjjGq28ByW8vXhovR443YYIrS7ok1leCWjj8Sh9ZBxrwimI7s_2Hp4Ff7_Z1=
ZIdkUdEbXxBcKUKpJv8S-A4PTtMUWZ5ICCZu9xlu-yxjmyCx2rNFL5ZNqBAsTLU_9lw19pjt01E=
O2xDXQki86iNEh7RvaaUapqARI3R8p1u68V9zTcG4K0KE9-F0dIJNsqKbQyGymWVP9dPXfMYAWV=
C82wX1S72q4ZJMomDOCAXnqzJgoZ1n5tEzY4R4OD_mL_fUFORrcLgSB4uqWkMUmTWGefQKIeR4A=
5zQeG4j7q6pPEE9yrC64lnYF7DJMBWtKHz4IuG4C3YA-xEOprzySFeGlV3_z94nNAqSueREV5o9=
hDMrT6CTNcDzK9QkdccH5fCP2UIkU1tm4B80E3pDvIrFJQJC2vYHaQB1gMGT9jlHr0UYQWRc8fQ=
Jvz5uqeU0yVCtMUpvAjM9-Ntn64WfxRYY7GjbXWf6Le84Do1YTV864ug-mKJBvfQQMfrktLtwps=
Rq51ix4oKLSkDD0nhpvBkd_V6VLlrKyGTg1uIoOGyH82bNppPzf97H0kuPI5RjihSNtQ_cXsr1K=
6SL2gXOomKuaebYkdr5SFIyVHaiTaHh4jQiP0iY-BLZJLrMLTIWxpEPq1y4mMNdNFPXWCLzdFC1=
6nJzw_l1nPbAMXRPs-V2Pgz8tbA_JNbjCsZUoyw3xyFz6FjitB3rmU3g7yLS4IXotziedtFQMIp=
cYy0aTF61E1war9-IzBiodfKMl1R340we5lJ7vJk8nEUoruGdRBWet_OkLH5FDpF-Q/4p7/jgin=
lHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h26/h001.lwYY-CKI-Mc6qIybVZGQxboQqHS1zDJC1BhCZdUBtuk"><p=
 style=3D"font-size:14px;color:inherit;"> =F0=9F=98=B3 I didn&#39;t realise=
 I was spiralling until just now </p></a></td></tr></table></div></td></tr>=
<tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:=
0px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd"><table class=3D"j" role=3D"none" w=
idth=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"cent=
er"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"can-uncertain=
ty-tolerance-actually-" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D=
"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 sty=
le=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;mso-line-height-alt:125.0%;">Can unce=
rtainty tolerance actually be trained?</h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" a=
lign=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-wo=
rd;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> A <a class=3D"link" href=3D"=
https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.9DjH2V-SF2W_cSMu5qkRHrD-aDS1bl=
oRorjIalmZmnjxqMbcXfaJZ0eKLBs6q-NwJeQEuUsQVADzGAHDQBF0NlU4VaPISk3mBiS_ZGtyR=
n91Vzf1NhfxyDU72AbbM_NsKH0heJenJNv8LVgCFJFx4vpTutipA9af7EhjxcrUnNM3lZuVUDkp=
WqVjebetx5TLt2ngpe1eoQT82kZqOPeNIKEoj7R-mFQmYsAuB5qib-ObOgc3N9sDTMTYrGrEaHe=
FZvkIM6VexRjh3pE0Zfg5tSWh7fypx7KKzAwhfn63qUs/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h27=
/h001.iqmJvys0s7IbAtKSiUAHwAqKBVyRAOqke2S5T-yucww" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D=
"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>randomised controlled trial</span></a>=
 published in the <i>Behavioral Assessment</i> found that even a single-ses=
sion, computerised IU psychoeducation intervention led to significant reduc=
tions in IU at four-week follow-up, with reductions in both anxiety and dep=
ression. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding=
:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-heig=
ht-alt:150.0%;"> The brain&#39;s response to ambiguity is learned. That mea=
ns it can be retrained. What follows are the five evidence-based methods th=
at clinical research has found to actually work. </p></td></tr><tr><td alig=
n=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"padding-bottom:20px;padding-left:15px;=
padding-right:15px;padding-top:20px; " class=3D"dd"><table role=3D"none" bo=
rder=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" style=3D"margin:0 auto 0 aut=
o;"><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"width:620px;"><img src=
=3D"https://media.beehiiv.com/cdn-cgi/image/fit=3Dscale-down,format=3Dauto,=
onerror=3Dredirect,quality=3D80/uploads/asset/file/b370b3ac-ef94-46bc-a6ea-=
cb7c7b533030/Building_uncertainty_tolerance.png?t=3D1774386551" alt=3D"" he=
ight=3D"auto" width=3D"620" style=3D"display:block;width:100%;" border=3D"0=
"/></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" styl=
e=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:0px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd"><ta=
ble class=3D"j" role=3D"none" width=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" =
cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></td><=
/tr><tr><td id=3D"1-behavioural-experiments-teaching-" class=3D"dd" align=
=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;padding:0=
px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;mso-=
line-height-alt:125.0%;">1. Behavioural experiments: teaching your brain th=
at uncertainty doesn&#39;t kill you</h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" alig=
n=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;=
"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> The most powerful IU interventi=
ons work through exposure: controlled, deliberate encounters with uncertain=
ty. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px =
15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-al=
t:150.0%;"> This is how to design it for yourself: choose a specific behavi=
our (refreshing notifications or checking the news), set a defined delay be=
fore acting on the urge, and log how you feel. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=
=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break=
:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> This is called <a c=
lass=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.AT3-eE2H=
i133k66I6TdPhqjsEe2TmZGxasA0VTVp_pmE_15ALXbwLwpMLTSyo7NkVI6boYbgM5xN9M7dkGX=
qt4taNKMpQ47x8u-mZiPoTP58KYPid_tQmC5NZvXnDit_orJzwCvSKC58gtvkRVuRov8fLu_xt5=
XRCIWz2PVHVtlJ8uR_O2No3wRpyv3qJP_URBi0LtFKIZjY9PXax3UleUJBMtjdJZX7x-Yn7QX2e=
sAUvLLrcHkrmOc0p7dQXV9KdwmPb6P_DYDFImBu6o3cWg/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h2=
8/h001.UPt_H07fVvjSSpCBHyG6kpZxeHO_6JqTOSp-R1AdC8U" target=3D"_blank" rel=
=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>habituation</span></a>, it teaches =
our threat detection system something it cannot learn any other way: I can =
tolerate not knowing, and nothing catastrophic happened (<a class=3D"link" =
href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.pjq2ZpDS3xnXUv2fenOLqx=
WC8QAC8_6zQ-c9QjMLV6uO5UBtWIGwJhIrbgQyNQrKhlr-6qGRrGrBiEyeWGiZbLaJoN3PBak2B=
ZAo95LhaR7gJaOAid9FvP5Sn3BG-8xKrI8GysFKpE8NwmWOBkGllE7TDTUzUC3sXfUoaJJqsR0U=
Dxz9H0KBmVm3MXCoqgJfAHGAIlkAkgyv9BUtIVg5AmScbepm06LjvPYMYCgcl57nVBCnFZqTntJ=
7U_gAwFRLbdhUqQvZjwoGxBvkt--n0Ad_pxUxZPx-qoc_oBSD_ZY/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1nje=
ux_w/h29/h001.5Nm7A_K4SVAOJAzCM0iZ6dd7OZEgAjJbUhNATb6OgGA" target=3D"_blank=
" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>Dugas & Robichaud, 2006</span>=
</a>). </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0=
px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height=
-alt:150.0%;"> If you have experienced anxiety, you=E2=80=99d know this: an=
xiety peaks quickly - and then naturally decreases, without the feeling of =
=E2=80=98security=E2=80=99 or =E2=80=98outcome=E2=80=99 you thought you nee=
ded. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px=
 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-a=
lt:150.0%;"> Start with 30 minutes of not checking, and extend the tiny exp=
eriment each time - over time, the threat appraisal begins to recalibrate f=
rom: </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px=
 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-a=
lt:150.0%;"> =E2=80=98Not acting =3D danger=E2=80=99 to =E2=80=98Not acting=
 =3D nothing dangerous happened=E2=80=99. </p></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"ce=
nter" valign=3D"top" style=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:0px;padding:15px 0p=
x 15px;" class=3D"dd"><table class=3D"j" role=3D"none" width=3D"20%" border=
=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td> &nbsp;=
 </td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"2-response-prevention-breaking-t=
he-" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#000000FF;fo=
nt-weight:400;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#000000=
FF;font-weight:400;mso-line-height-alt:125.0%;">2. Response prevention: bre=
aking the reinforcement loop</h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"le=
ft" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p st=
yle=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Every time we check, we are telling ou=
r brain: this was necessary. Checking protected me. </p></td></tr><tr><td c=
lass=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-b=
reak:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> This is the sam=
e mechanism behind compulsive behaviour in OCD, and it is why cognitive-beh=
avioural therapy for IU incorporates <a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://elin=
ke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.z06XTbntOXQy5RlDIieQ-H4oiaz8JIcMWdW_AXh1F-=
THK7gNNxe-xS_JoTcek7M5EfMUEFV752EQqNZSpHdGWQ9PQ53CPsY7rRwjOibkta80hAS2PHMer=
qS_9oHTBUiSJPtZFMKtLAFkUZG5qUu49Q9cZjnS_mqi01mH0vdvUX16p4c5WL7y0PlkBat699lY=
2xfZsgQzpzBBpTnWE-Q-hxbeJy94xkzmi7w3DftvphQMEruy6KNSX5Nl4ALguZ05W55yAW4YSuh=
lW59AzrbZM_3mBXEgRFSIpOvZeQvt-Hw/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h30/h001.m0qL2Z=
WuTg91iQY_ssbKFdVm0qyQ7mNmcYthfafMQOI" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener no=
referrer nofollow"><span>response prevention</span></a>: deliberately stopp=
ing the checking ritual for defined intervals (<a class=3D"link" href=3D"ht=
tps://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.AT3-eE2Hi133k66I6TdPhp0UCayFIsrs=
o94e7RFiAx5dXIPs9O4H_4PHrXY7KFhdTDWgJ9qDGEMMBjsDP_rX6ZIscXT5twoUbYBaOBDdJop=
j14mSOSmthYAwsn7HouPAqx7fPufULOb0oyRMbaQpnOnIgfsdwo0lPR4nIOtMY32zyiksBPnWfX=
R8fIzSqr9AXrgwute1h9WxNlXdY2tsotD-mstHBkka6YI94Apo-Gmcz2lD98OQA5ML_LtNzwCiZ=
cDMYglYa1n04TkVqRNrXguY89brjS_Y8n13tnh0dqw/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h31/h=
001.3OSXV-b9_IaO35QCA-ci4yu1o75uhMC5wSIKOKvag78" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"n=
oopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>Hebert et al., 2019</span></a>). </p></t=
d></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-a=
lign:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;">=
 Identify your rituals, and be as specific as possible. Then resist the urg=
e to act on it for a set window. Write down your distress trajectory. Every=
 time you let it go before acting, you weaken the reinforcement that&#39;s =
been sustaining it. </p></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" s=
tyle=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:0px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd">=
<table class=3D"j" role=3D"none" width=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"=
0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></t=
d></tr><tr><td id=3D"3-cognitive-relabelling-updating-yo" class=3D"dd" alig=
n=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;padding:=
0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;mso=
-line-height-alt:125.0%;">3. Cognitive re-labelling: updating your beliefs =
about uncertainty</h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=
=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"ms=
o-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> IU is maintained by a set of beliefs rather tha=
n facts. Write them down and examine them: </p></td></tr><tr><td style=3D"p=
adding-bottom:12px;padding-left:37px;padding-right:27px;padding-top:12px;" =
class=3D"ee"><div style=3D"margin-left:0px;" class=3D"edm_outlooklist"><ul =
style=3D"font-weight:400;list-style-type:disc;margin-bottom:12px !important=
;margin-top:12px !important;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;"><li class=3D"listItem=
 ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:left=
;word-break:break-word;"> &quot;I must know what will happen.&quot; </p></l=
i><li class=3D"listItem ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;padd=
ing:0px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"> &quot;Uncertainty is dange=
rous.&quot; </p></li><li class=3D"listItem ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-hei=
ght-alt:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"> &quot;I=
f I don&#39;t check, something bad will happen.&quot; </p></li></ul></div><=
/td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text=
-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;=
"> Then test alternative appraisals: </p></td></tr><tr><td style=3D"padding=
-bottom:12px;padding-left:37px;padding-right:27px;padding-top:12px;" class=
=3D"ee"><div style=3D"margin-left:0px;" class=3D"edm_outlooklist"><ul style=
=3D"font-weight:400;list-style-type:disc;margin-bottom:12px !important;marg=
in-top:12px !important;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;"><li class=3D"listItem ulte=
xt"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:left;word=
-break:break-word;"> &quot;Checking doesn&#39;t give me control. It gives m=
e the feeling of control.&quot; </p></li><li class=3D"listItem ultext"><p s=
tyle=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;padding:0px;text-align:left;word-break:b=
reak-word;"> &quot;Uncertainty is uncomfortable, but not dangerous.&quot; <=
/p></li><li class=3D"listItem ultext"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0=
%;padding:0px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"> &quot;I have tolerat=
ed uncertainty before. I&#39;m still here.&quot; </p></li></ul></div></td><=
/tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-alig=
n:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Th=
is cognitive restructuring weakens the threat appraisal that gave rise to t=
hese =E2=80=98safety behaviours=E2=80=99 (<a class=3D"link" href=3D"https:/=
/elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.AT3-eE2Hi133k66I6TdPhp0UCayFIsrso94e7=
RFiAx5dXIPs9O4H_4PHrXY7KFhd4j8XzS-RYHmZOWyFDxBkeWp_vYZ9fDlCmLzWjLPwM2NXh-AE=
85mxD9LJRcAa7qkpUZneuUy2n3Ur0FkPilie9diGHb5wrru2_T6Oxq8nGTiGGFqrZ18wsuw0HTt=
e29vs7Cm_xLGa3bC3MU3c30VUqJ8ktVH6-2HiiQlVg7SLs08MNQKQBDUCZQN-F-gyFxIIIUT4dp=
vVzj3DFUN75Fgz5C44Zqqc61wCeKU5o8vpVxk/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h32/h001.S=
I-lXluaSsD85n9-gCXsKbaCAkpaC9-xdYhb0jmyn5Y" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopen=
er noreferrer nofollow"><span>Dugas et al., 2004</span></a>). </p></td></tr=
><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:l=
eft;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> One r=
e-phrasing I find especially useful for the loop of abstract rumination: </=
p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;t=
ext-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.=
0%;"> When we are ruminating, we think: &quot;Why is this happening?&quot; =
</p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px=
;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:15=
0.0%;"> Say this instead: &quot;What are three facts I know right now?&quot=
; </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15=
px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:=
150.0%;"> When we are circling, we think: &quot;What if this doesn=E2=80=99=
t go as planned?&quot; </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" st=
yle=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D=
"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Replace it with: &quot;What is the next conc=
rete action I can work on before I go to bed?&quot; </p></td></tr><tr><td c=
lass=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-b=
reak:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Abstract, evalu=
ative thinking sustains rumination. But specific, action-oriented thinking =
interrupts it. </p></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=
=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:0px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd"><tab=
le class=3D"j" role=3D"none" width=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" c=
ellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></td></=
tr><tr><td id=3D"4-mindfulness-decoupling-discomfort" class=3D"dd" align=3D=
"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;padding:0px =
15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400;mso-lin=
e-height-alt:125.0%;">4. Mindfulness: decoupling discomfort from compulsion=
</h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15p=
x;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:1=
50.0%;"> There&#39;s a word in the mindfulness literature that founders nee=
d more of: <a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/=
c/u001.AT3-eE2Hi133k66I6TdPhicvwy03-J_FX0Tzj6xfCLJVsTr9REzHAeceJKPbwfMHTqF7=
hNDpzhpw6uPYLgMnY9f3j1NrfwuN5YoLqJybAenEv7xkX6OCc21qP_qN9A8IiQo9ZdqDXuKNbhW=
L9ytCMquO-zy_UzrquunFRHUhrlsc7kPgODzYCb2ndOoAq1X64rarGlrL_EVTFhwTgIzePVEfqD=
Siat-7aTuLO2K3WbPYDm_REzHH7rAyZhbEN0laeKmCnduoxLyWGqp7DR0kSA/4p7/jginlHMmSf=
66gZ1njeux_w/h33/h001.AYXU8Qfxsz1cqMrGSbCRsL3dqr66PB3o48mwqXVipR8" target=
=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>decentering</span></=
a>. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px =
15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-al=
t:150.0%;"> It means the ability to observe a thought without immediately e=
ntering into a contract with it. To notice a fear without treating it as a =
=E2=80=98prediction=E2=80=99, to notice the thought without reacting to it.=
 </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15p=
x;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:1=
50.0%;"> A <a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/=
c/u001.9DjH2V-SF2W_cSMu5qkRHrD-aDS1bloRorjIalmZmnhrzRtwX5JkyZushqmuEAOCn3jK=
utp_Albc2pHluUl-JlMdhblBaqAgkCOVpWRqva09MzuA586nLK3PNczdKvAknhCUCBojzjetin3=
Bu3gBNoLOFMgUNcfylD5-zoRxUq5almA_pYK6qoJcgIHqqBj1GqmxG5HZ9_282YFrIT4-ldf--L=
qRRsynF__w8U15sbBS8xVlRHERzCOJVJ5cmLH7qLdhYlwqhOE-qhqfv7be3mZi58a3NxaEt-mdA=
VgTZkg/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h34/h001.0QEPd458JDCIm4oXHrzKr3CO9U3hCyNa=
GkrIDcsKXwY" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener noreferrer nofollow"><span>2=
025 systematic review and meta-analysis</span></a> of 29 randomised control=
led trials found that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) significan=
tly reduced rumination, with effects sustained at follow-up, and also impro=
ved self-compassion, decentering, depression, and anxiety. </p></td></tr><t=
r><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left=
;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> The mech=
anism behind it is not relaxation, but the weakening of the automatic link =
between an uncomfortable internal state and a compulsive behaviour. Most of=
 us have been treating every anxious thought as if it requires an immediate=
 response. Mindfulness practice interrupts that assumption. </p></td></tr><=
tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:0=
px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd"><table class=3D"j" role=3D"none" wi=
dth=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"cente=
r"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"5-reframing-un=
certainty" class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#00000=
0FF;font-weight:400;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#=
000000FF;font-weight:400;mso-line-height-alt:125.0%;">5. Reframing uncertai=
nty </h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px=
 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-a=
lt:150.0%;"> Perhaps the most counterintuitive intervention: teaching peopl=
e to see uncertainty as an indicator of growth rather than danger. </p></td=
></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-al=
ign:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> =
Kang and colleagues (2021) found that <a class=3D"link" href=3D"https://eli=
nke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.9DjH2V-SF2W_cSMu5qkRHrD-aDS1bloRorjIalmZm=
njxqMbcXfaJZ0eKLBs6q-Nw_1O86IttbpPx2Whvs3EeEUkh05M7Gr4cyLQMxXE6_YlkOWoMl2X3=
ngd-2AtL-AMKHEoSBNDfQ9gf8tThkuuDYmYJHYV9KjO1emL0dUcV75jOtoELNHzp1_yMeTaoWYM=
mqEA3lIyk7BA5obpJ9K13fa8ySgkNQd9aodR1OyGWSGPfD4fd641aolljQNlAdbwpHT54b5iNyX=
bknlDYvf7P40oSxead9QRWK4NqWEnarKI/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h35/h001.x9aG1=
fMYOks-egb5mxcNCSQxN9paqU9joYKDnWUnZPY" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener n=
oreferrer nofollow"><span>a single-session &quot;uncertainty mindset&quot; =
reframe</span></a>: repositioning ambiguous situations as opportunities for=
 learning rather than threats to manage - reduced both IU and anxiety sympt=
oms one month later. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" styl=
e=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"m=
so-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> The reframing is not &quot;everything will be =
fine&quot; but something very honest: uncertainty means I am in new territo=
ry; I don=E2=80=99t know where this is going yet, and that is the nature of=
 building anything new. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" s=
tyle=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=
=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Every significant decision a founder make=
s lives in uncertainty. The ones who tolerate it best aren&#39;t those with=
 the highest risk appetite, but those who have trained themselves to sit wi=
th not-knowing and, over time, learned that it doesn&#39;t have to be resol=
ved to be survivable. </p></td></tr><tr><td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top"=
 style=3D"font-size:0px;line-height:0px;padding:15px 0px 15px;" class=3D"dd=
"><table class=3D"j" role=3D"none" width=3D"20%" border=3D"0" cellspacing=
=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" align=3D"center"><tr><td> &nbsp; </td></tr></table=
></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;te=
xt-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0=
%;"> We cannot eliminate uncertainty. We never could. </p></td></tr><tr><td=
 class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word=
-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"> Not knowing i=
s part of the process. It always has been. </p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"d=
d" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:brea=
k-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"></p></td></tr><tr><td cla=
ss=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-bre=
ak:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"><i>If today&#39;s =
essay landed with you, forward it to a founder who needs it. And if you hav=
e a question or a topic you&#39;d like me to write about, just reply to thi=
s email.</i></p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padd=
ing:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-h=
eight-alt:150.0%;"><i>Until next week.</i></p></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd=
" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break=
-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-alt:150.0%;"><i>Lavena</i></p></td></tr=
><tr><td class=3D"e" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"padding:15px 15=
px 12px;"><h3 style=3D"">How&#39;s the depth of today&#39;s edition?</h3></=
td></tr><tr><td class=3D"ee e " style=3D"padding:0px 15px 15px;"><div style=
=3D"margin-left:0px;" class=3D"edm_outlooklist"><ul style=3D"list-style-typ=
e:disc;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;margin:0px 0px;"><li class=3D"listItem ff" s=
tyle=3D"list-style-type:disc;text-align:left;"><a href=3D"https://elinke47.=
insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STifKd0=
iQVY5n67Z-f27gSGgQTUlOSxiebolbjmsRW9v8NBLB8uTZX3Xus6x-Lk79CDZbG2nFxBjYSBSGR=
aq7-aCGgWmcW6KthumhXp_nN5qnf_IMlpry3PtvY49p9yhtpdqwpJZ4Hd-LwNzC77hYGSvJXL5A=
K9Gc_72MEveqaiHuSyWJglCGhtsTPW-Ie61t82i7xGlz710gnUCTQVF2ZCsBoXQIasQJtytkB41=
OLRyHjD5Amg0pj7A4DY9AD7tVLN0nJMxJJAaOzeaOa9OTiVHbvn-RxjPrjxIznzvOSZkKZ_dccl=
GYTxlP-B5PBhZxG3LA14TGdGNA6ijYdT9PZVbXxuk_w1SrNr8-Y4PJTKMGIPzQ3W2-S8k9cJn7d=
9icozGEFDEX48egtVA-Lk2mBA1YrJmoIEwFmedtgKNEiscW32KINtpp1mWgL_LHqUo2Th12a3Ng=
xh5SdVL5HjMvDFOLoEsUdLJQrZfZExjKWtcV_MPtrU7C4ah-V7i0iG1BWDHgcicMtK_nMuUr2CU=
MaKtO45Phi9p8Wr-9D4gWgCHlK3UIX68yNVsb4MIl2js4peTV2MpZMIqaYCH7hXakU4vqs6akK5=
_yUNZUW7mMZLIwTy_UFny2bPc8aY4Sdz7S4vNgcu0PxGqRBY4QxJF1WIUJ66CCbTMkiqxsx7y5S=
dMWXf5fy-7ba2qwY4ZWY5jHcQ9vluBxo7rPfqJCE_LmCtym_Iw_2ZYyt-MBUbltAhn9am5p15hV=
iPFxzRI83oowARemzGRp3H5Fb__lRXb2WHD1Y-vA0SdlUpC1KVxKqbLvGgKyBfqLZuwC-fw0CCx=
JlwGahPjMYD0JZKULOYmyoAn1QPNmYMJbuWhHFRVU0mqN_dXOlviNdlmi--rqKG9Smh4hSpk8Jl=
vViZgK1cKKjmXzivF6tK4b2j6nyUgR2McTUuYhs6FIt0eM1s3fNWCC2ERp6n5sucA71_WVpH2o9=
ZyFS0z7iBpO5yg3QeWqQMJ5g/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h36/h001.VvG_b79ZBM71y9=
QY-8MEf12ePFekzMkA6S-78BJjPZY">Just right =E2=9C=A8 - Thoughtful, sharp, an=
d easy to digest</a></li><li class=3D"listItem ff" style=3D"list-style-type=
:disc;text-align:left;"><a href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/=
u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STifKd0iQVY5n67Z-f27gSGgQTUlOS=
xiebolbjmsRW9v8NBLB8uTZX3Xus6x-Lk79CACkpjPdptjKFel1nBheEnVHO_KBTdpRRnwUarme=
bJtBhiqsxAhC8dHWd6oxMASKwIghYkQU2AU_1aK7MGOQlDn7fg4X5nZpj0uJGMXu1buHeAIIK4b=
s8QtbR-Azqt9kDE7nQ6oW1WFr6QKftS4ftN5TbL6TcA8yDro6B_HisKISUk9BFgjrxGcUr1uLwu=
vV14f0vMZ_EiBFaIQfKyAfojTqpL1r9_oI9tVqxo2g09xpzupHCZULTT34VbvJGHH7Ue4DeiDw-=
4n8WRi2JDWHGRejG3SvhWZBZOTCC_U1WtPJqMocIIlccjZUBOiIlgn3F91R2_y-WsC6N6IY51xJ=
El-cgtsiuHB9hTNo9JM5bLZmGf94eFk9FhfEB9Lma84Y1R4oDnScf6josD_irws7nqj0k0VkkVY=
DcJfAlpBxRfWiSIeaxBIEXQ0SpfeR2og-yt9q_Qo-D9gt4iWQV0uvgVxWPAyaKq5ME5nXsty_EK=
WBldfpvqxkRhRm1ShAkRz2dq3arlAQIYLyA01MaRk96AGNH-0VE3SRipU8rzYb22rwsWA3sUp-e=
3UKK2XLoRFGMrWT5R05hc0ebTKZjVk1nNGAiu3tbvniA2sZKTdc2kvRaD8TjyWOK4PxoHB_2mKB=
pK5QXnwkFHLAG9giqKYrftomFo8L5M8LseWoWzifeytqiwEAV0nydmIFiiBrmGqycFY_j26v77C=
MLVJ4dEaLWFuGCPxHlTHWKBam2QULcqpps_ny2iwmMqcYezH5PyOCGvv6f3hNLcSttEiOWZdenY=
CVTQq0UJ-aAvkAh9fXJe9L9XKZ4nNxmz0VySaQcfqdrFdHd_js9iBc_x8C5DtdZz3hMCxGZ2cmj=
WblideVo_X1BHedmZjTqblWiSi3p4JIeRa5NWj_EX0ApGNNPksHCfphqXSBSP4Y0elxLm6sOIF2=
Q/4p7/jginlHMmSf66gZ1njeux_w/h37/h001.dOmPBEq5caUHMRjSlijkoKo-GyxsSLfx_DbOW=
iH_fX0">Not in depth enough =F0=9F=94=8E - Give me more insights & nuance</=
a></li><li class=3D"listItem ff" style=3D"list-style-type:disc;text-align:l=
eft;"><a href=3D"https://elinke47.insanefounder.com/ss/c/u001.gaaA1Gye7IN08=
GIPmsK5K96HvxOJxLtWweYntAW6STifKd0iQVY5n67Z-f27gSGgQTUlOSxiebolbjmsRW9v8NBL=
B8uTZX3Xus6x-Lk79CCgzv-ALKIyXT5Js03K6BIY3JBXdU3ucfUFQlwvFtJKq6RRMda4qAI8aPL=
fhlxsRanG26FdMxMJvXrqy45SKx_l5Ayy-_Tu1WR5h2zRghM_2x-Si29DNRAv1_gwk555ws2wDB=
fwqocEUG5Epx_Q9GcAxVtpSz2MrFUsYEm4UZ_pDjd8J6gcAUOvX7-B56y2VBBmnsSwbION1a7fZ=
L84R7JW_jqAHM_5KmSorer0VRdTUStFF0o55EG2hVAQxF2lOYfqksL9-ZtK2Z1t8HTVTwJLuTap=
D0uUxh2FT0kTfCUmU9_4K8Sxf9AIiTOmn3UgdZ6pRAhr9wy2lLnGHY50XDQeWvusLpoPvN43H13=
qpgGZNtijnvQbJ0D2Obxpd4bjlT-T4bhKSyiZWVbVqxZgPCBiRWyu5dQQ_LEULWqBHmbeGAA53_=
fdamjmIUx2qwqrPQge1MMzKqHpph2ZxHa6dTWndFFFqewj5Hr3KHsD_ClYW8HL7LbfQo7Jy9hsw=
NxPTk-Cq5BnDsPg-1BAlM37tGZvTVIoy16sGlqPolAur8dHcJtOUqbLDVJW06aiLYmqAbWo_oWq=
C58K5HttBhG8US8DC79nsdh31N6LKGQZgm6FgwnZpTwj-SnZSnspfyu4hUc-lwQU0YRGkO0ibEl=
yi-uiUwrBQkt5aAmImhZQXhIfXbMezbdsTnl1sKHuGNah23yYAJTeWqBVoiY7CX00J00f01vA1c=
08Eu5y3lYxHW2yeGy0gca7WeX0i5I7lqt3zurA-YvKZ7Uc51oTpz7IOV0izSFmpMzVnw2xuM4SR=
2Bz7G5D81pwtNbdia6WuCEDxR67erZD-udJfW-XmkBMPQZAg93kkkelTO6AkexyRCr3UHRmPJhG=
P4D_5DejiPh0hl-4HU8EjJ_c7E2_FEW3nIcjHRRr3gGqfH8yVD6LUGoo-w/4p7/jginlHMmSf66=
gZ1njeux_w/h38/h001.N8DUDRn9cUD9VSlBzWd8oALcyGtnZodJpSspkc7yE_Y">Too dense =
=F0=9F=92=A5 - I=E2=80=99d prefer lighter, quicker reads</a></li></ul></div=
></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0px 15px;te=
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ng:14px 14px;text-decoration:none;width:100%;"> Click to improve future con=
tent </a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></=
table></td></tr><tr><td id=3D"insane-media-is-more-than-one-voice" class=3D=
"dd" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top" style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weight:400=
;padding:0px 15px;text-align:left;"><h3 style=3D"color:#000000FF;font-weigh=
t:400;mso-line-height-alt:125.0%;">=E2=9C=A8 Insane Media is more than one =
voice</h3></td></tr><tr><td class=3D"dd" align=3D"left" style=3D"padding:0p=
x 15px;text-align:left;word-break:break-word;"><p style=3D"mso-line-height-=
alt:150.0%;"><i>Dive into our other newsletters - where psychology meets th=
e creator economy, e-commerce marketing, and Human resources. </i></p></td>=
</tr><tr><td align=3D"left" class=3D"rec" style=3D"padding-left:15px;paddin=
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ine-block;margin-bottom:16px;margin-right:16px;vertical-align:top;" width=
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282828;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;line-height:24px; margin-bottom: 16px=
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t-size:14px;font-weight:400;display:block;word-break:break-word;"> Unfilter=
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